For beginner sourdough bakers, the key to success lies in understanding your starter's activity, precise measurements, gentle dough handling, and patience during fermentation. Aim for a 1:1:1 feeding ratio (starter:water:flour by weight). Feed every 12–24 hours at room temperature. Use a transparent jar to monitor bubble formation. Before baking, drop a small piece of starter in water — if it floats, it's ready. Strong starter should double in size within 4–8 hours after feeding and exhibit numerous bubbles. Begin with an autolyse: mix flour and water and let it rest for 30–60 minutes before adding starter and salt. Always measure ingredients by weight. Perform stretch and folds or coil folds every 30–60 minutes during first 2–3 hours. Look for dough to increase by 30–50% and show signs of aeration. Gently shape to create surface tension. Place seam-side up in floured banneton. Cold proof in refrigerator 12–18 hours. Preheat oven with Dutch oven to 450–500°F for at least 30–60 minutes. Bake with lid on 20–25 minutes, remove lid and bake another 20–30 minutes until deeply golden brown and internal temperature reaches 200–210°F.